Born in Leith, Edinburgh, c.1832.
[PB: Wendy Leahy says April 1832.]
Enlisted at Manchester on the 13th of June 1846.
Age: 14 years 2 months.
Height:, 4' 3".
Trade: None.
[PB: His small stature would be significant when a POW in Russia. See below. WL says 4'5".]
Attained the age of 15 years and on to "Man's Pay" on the 16th of April 1847.
From Private to Trumpeter: 1st of July 1853.
Confined 6th-9th of October 1854 and reduced from Trumpeter to Private by a Regimental Court-martial on the 9th of October 1854 for "insubordination" and given 50 lashes.
[PB: WL says 25 lashes and reduced, in Crimea, no date.]
Taken prisoner of war at Balaclava after having had three horses shot under him.
No next of kin is shown, "Small book lost".
Rejoined the regiment from Russian captivity on the 22nd of October 1855.
A nominal roll of men of the regiment at the Cavalry Depot, Scutari, made out on the 9th of November 1855, shows him as a Prisoner under sentence of Court-martial from the 4th of November.
Robert Farquharson's statement to the Court:
"I was in the Charge of the 4th Lt. Dragoons at Balaclava on the 25th Octr. 1854, and had my horse shot under me. I was surrounded by Russian hordes and conducted to their Camp. I was subsequently sent on into Russia about 1200 miles where I was detained with others, until the 27th August 1855 when I was sent to Odessa and from thence forwarded to Balaclava, which I reached on the 26th Octr. 1855."
For further details of the Courts-martial held on the returned prisoners of war, see the record of1292, Joseph Armstrong, 4th Light Dragoons.
Discharged, "by purchase", from Dublin, Ireland, on the 21st of November 1860. Payment of £10.
Conduct: "good".
In possession of two Good Conduct badges.
Served 14 years 160 days.
In Turkey and the Crimea: 1 year 10 months.
Entitled to the Crimean medal with clasps for Alma, Balaclava and Sebastopol, although the latter clasp is not recorded on the medal rolls.
Member of the Balaclava Commemoration Society in 1877 and 1879.
Signed the Loyal Address to the Queen in 1887. (There is a copy in the "Memoirs" file.)
He received £15 in both 1890 and 1891 from the Light Brigade Relief Fund when he was living at 32, Grove Road, Edinburgh.
This is said to have been originally published in the form of articles in a Scottish newspaper. Later editions are also known to be in existence (e.g. the image above is from an edition of 1889 published in Dundee by W. & D. C. Thompson). [Also a 1899 edition including RF's India experiences — see below — more info?]
There is a reference to his reminiscences in Anthony Cross, In the Lands of the Romanovs::
[Farquharson, Robert Stuart], Reminiscences of Crimean campaigning and Russian imprisonment. By one of 'the six hundred'. Edinburgh: privately printed by Thomas Allan, [1883]. 107pp. [Published as Crimean campaigning and Russian imprisonment. Dundee: W. and D.C. Thomson, 1889. iv+140pp.]
A private in the 4th Light Dragoons, Farquharson (b. 1831) arrived in the Crimea on 18 September 1854, took part in the battle of the Alma on 20 September and, memorably, was in the second line of the charge of the Light Brigade under Paget's command, when he was captured by Cossacks.
He was initially maltreated but subsequently received better treatment from Russian officers. He describes his march into captivity at Voronezh, via Simferopol, Ekaterinoslav, Kharkov, his experiences of being billeted on local families, his relations with fellow prisoners, and the beating he received on reaching prison.
In August 1855 he was sent to Odessa and returned eventually to Balaklava on 27 October 1855.
[Source: Anthony Cross, In the Lands of the Romanovs (accessed 1.10.2014).]
"These Papers contain a graphic and intensely thrilling description of the Battle of Balaclava, by one of the Survivors of the famous Charge of the Light Brigade, Mr Robt Stuart Farquharson, one of Her Majesty's Trumpeters for Scotland, Whose Narrative of his dreary captivity and of the terrible hardships endured by the British Prisoners of War in Russia reads like Romance."
[PB: Clearly his recollections were still considered good copy that would sell papers more than 30 years after the events he was describing. I have not been able to locate the issue of the Weekly Independent, nor to discover whether other men's accounts were published in the series.]
From the United Services Gazette for the 21st of May 1892:
"On Wednesday (the 18th) in the Royal Hotel, Edinburgh, the Earl of Haddington, on behalf of the subscribers — the Lothian and Berwickshire, Glasgow and Lanarkshire Yeomanry, the 4th Hussars, and the public — presented a cheque for 100 guineas to Mr. Robert Stuart Farquharson, a survivor of the renowned '600'. A second present consisted of a gold watch from Lord Haddington and the Lothian and Berwickshire Yeomanry.
Mr. Farquharson had served 14 years in the 4th Light Dragoons, afterwards joining the Lothian and Berwickshire Yeomanry, with which corps he has since been connected. At the time he was not in the best of health, and could only move with difficulty. The gifts were suitably acknowledged by the recipient."
Extract from The Scotsman, 18th of August 1892:
"Death — At No 10 Ivy Terrace, Edinburgh, on the 17th inst., Robert Stuart Farquharson, aged 60 years. Queen's Trumpeter for Scotland, and One of the Balaclava Six Hundred. Funeral at North Merchiston tomorrow (Friday the 19th.) at 3 o'clock. All friends kindly invited."
He was buried in Merchiston Cemetery, Edinburgh, in Grave No. 366, Compartment "B". No headstone was erected, although this was a plot in a private cemetery, the title deeds being granted to his wife.
The others interred in the same grave-space were Elizabeth Farquharson, who died on February 10th 1893, aged 17 years, Margaret C. Richardson, died May 17th 1893, 3 months, and Elizabeth S. Farquharson, who died May 19th 1895, 57 years. The first two were brought from the same address as he, 10, Ivy Terrace, and the last-named (almost certainly his wife), from 11, Ward Paw Place, Edinburgh.
There is a copy of his obituary notice and portrait, taken from The Scotsman (Weekly Edition) for the 20th of August 1892, in the 4th Hussar file.
Sergeant George Newman of the 23rd Foot in his marvellously detailed diary of Russian captivity, published as The Prisoners of Voronesh, often speaks of Farquharson during their journey into the interior. Here are some extracts:
"The ladies now enquired if we had any man sick on the road and, upon my telling them that we had a sick comrade in the waggon, they spoke to one of the servants, and soon after placed a large packet of tea and a large package of sugar (lump sugar, they have no other in Russia) into my hands and two preserved melons for the sick man. (And here let me remark that tea in Russia is a very great luxury and often indulged in by the higher classes.)...
I must here mention that the weather had begun to get very cold, especially in the night [ it was by this time late November or early December] and we had what in England would be called sever frosts.
On arrival of the waggons [at our destination for the day] we were billeted as usual on the peasants and, as no one would take charge of him but rather seemed to shun him, I took the office upon myself...I kept myself sober in order to attend to the invalid, and here let me mention his name, for I shall often speak of him.
His name, then, was Robert Farquharson, trumpeter in the 4th Light Dragoons and taken in the charge of the Light Cavalry at Balaclava. He was a little fellow, and a Scotsman.
I had a pretty busy night with him, but was glad to find him better in the morning. The snow had fallen during the night and lay on the ground 3 inches deep, and winter had evidently set in [pp.81-83].
[A few weeks later] Farquharson had the scurvy very bad in his legs and determined to go into hospital with me... My comrade had a pair of his regimental boots with him, but could not wear them in consequence of his sore legs, so he sold them on the road to this place ... for two roubles...The money for these boots and the little I had came in very handy while in hospital [p.114].
My little trumpeter comrade Farquharson complained of feeling unwell this night and was so ill the next morning that we had to leave him behind...
Farquharson came into our billets during the night, and next morning was made in this town for some time. It appeared that he had been well-treated and, being a good musician, the local nobleman was pleased with him and had promised to procure liberty from the Governor of the town for him to stop [p.137].
The police-master, whose name was Ikenioff, was not averse to punishing the English prisoners, as Farquharson knew to his cost — In describing this man as a "burly man, some six feet in height and 15 or 16 stones in weight." He came up to me (Farquharson) and pushed me on the chest with his hand, saying, "Is that English." I said nothing and he gave me a harder push, repeating the question. Then, before I knew, he gave me a tremendous blow on the right side of the head with his fist — at the same time opening a volley of abuse in Russian."
[PB: Check the above paragraph against the book.]
He and the Russian sergeant of police so nearly killed the poor trumpeter that on a complaint being made they were both sent to the Crimea...
When at Voronesh — It was there my little comrade of the 4th Light Dragoons (Farquharson, the trumpeter) was an especial favourite of several of the young ladies, and they would come and fetch him away."
Towards the end of his account of their time in captivity, Sergeant Newman refers in some detail to the concerts given by the prisoners, in which Farquharson took an active part. For example, Farquharson played "Dame Margaret" in a farce based on Nathan Henry's recollection of memory.
[Note: Although Sergeant Newman refers to Robert Farquharson as a Trumpeter, he was not so at the time of Balaclava, having been demoted shortly before.]
10 Dec 2018
First publication seems to have been in the Glasgow Evening Times, 14 October 1882, then subsequently in Edinburgh in 1883 under the title Reminiscences of Crimean Campaigning and Russian Imprisonment. Farquharson enlisted in the 4th Light Dragoons in 1846 at the age of 14. Just a couple of weeks before the Charge he was court-martialed for insubordination, given 25 lashes and reduced from Trumpeter to Private.
In the Charge he was taken prisoner after having three horses shot from under him; "A cannon shot put a sudden stop to my gallop. I saw the horrid thing bounding along the ground, but for the life of me I could not get out of its way, and it flew up and caught my borrowed Cossack steed on the head, killing it, of course, there and then. I fell to the ground, along with it, and in two or three minutes thereafter I was surrounded by Cossacks and taken prisoner." He was repatriated in October 1855, and was discharged by purchase in 1860.
Little is known of his life subsequently, he signed the Loyal Address in 1887, and was a pensioner of the Light Brigade Relief Fund in 1891. Uncommon first-hand account of the Charge from the ranks, OCLC recording just 6 copies of the first, and 5 of this second edition.
https://www.peterharrington.co.uk/crimean-campaigning-and-russian-imprisonment.html
[PB: Must find the edition, with info about India? Try WorldCat]
10 Dec 2018
From EJBA: 1461, Michael O'Brien, 4th Light Dragoons:
In a later edition (1899) of Farquharson's Crimean Campaigning, in the possession of O'Brien's greater family, there is another reference to him besides that already noted:
"When the Indian Mutiny had broken out, and reports came home of the terrible massacres at Cawnpore and other places in India, troops were at once despatched from England to assist in quelling the Mutiny, and amongst the cavalry regiments which were ordered out was the 7th Hussars.
Men were allowed to volunteer from the home regiments to strengthen those going out and Michael O'Brien joined the 7th Hussars, and when that regiment arrived at Calcutta, it was at once despatched to join Sir Colin Campbell's little army before Lucknow.
One day, in the midst of a hot and fierce fight with the mutineers, an officer of O'Brien's troop fell from his horse, badly wounded: the Sepoys were rapidly advancing, when Michael, seeing the deadly danger his officer was in of being hacked to pieces by these fiends, deliberately rode back, dismounted, got the wounded officer onto his horse's back and conveyed him safely to his regiment, and that under a perfect hail of bullets from the enemy.
O'Brien was recommended for the Victoria Cross, but alas, poor fellow, died of sunstroke before the honour could be conferred on him."
[PB: I have not been able to find this 1899 edition. The earlier editions, 188?, end with Farquharson being released from Russian captivity, so they obviously contain nothing of his experiences in India.]
Additional information about membership of the Balaclava Commemoration Society kindly provided by Chris Poole.