Born in Bombay, India, on the 16th of March 1835, the son of Willougby A. Trevelyan, H.E.I.C. [Honourable East India Company], of Glenfarg, Perth, Scotland, and his wife, Ann Mary, daughter of the Revd. John Astley.
At the time of HAT's birth his father was a Lieutenant in the 2nd Native Cavalry, later becoming a Lieutenant-General.
[PB: There is a record for HAT's birth in Bombay on Ancestry.com, but cannot be viewed without World access. Try FamilySearch.]
[PB: For WAT in India, check Ancestry.co.uk: UK, Registers of Employees of the East India Company and the India Office, 1746-1939.]
[PB: Educated at Harrow School. The School Register summarises his career.]
Trevelyan, Harington Astley (Druries), son of Gen. W. Trevelyan, H.E.I.C.S., of Newfargie, Perthshire. Left 1850 3. Joined 11th Hussars; transferred to 7th Hussars; Lieut.-Col. at the age of 25; retired as Col. 1869; served in the Crimea (wounded at Balaclava, where he charged with the Light Brigade; present also at the Alma and siege of Sebastopol; medal with 3 clasps, 5th Class Medjidie, and Turkish medal). DIED Oct. 1900.
[R. Courtenay Welch et al, The Harrow School Register, 1800 – 1901, 3rd edition, 1911. Online at Project Gutenberg: archive.org/details/harrowschoolregi00harruoft (accessed 6.3.2016).]
[PB, December 2015: According to thepeerage.com:
Harrington Astley Trevelyan's father was Willoughby Trevelyan, Lieutenant-General EICS, born 15 December 1805, the son of Reverend Walter Trevelyan and Charlotte Hudson.
His mother was Ann Mary Astley, who died 31 December 1855 [PB: in Bombay - check].
He had a sister, Alice Mary, died 8 March 1949.
On 20 September 1859 Willoughby Trevelyan married 2nd Elizabeth (married 2nd 1880 Very Rev John Burton, Provost St Ninian's, Perth), 3rd daughter of Rev Henry Addington Simcoe, of Penheale, Cornwall, and Walford Lodge, Devon.
[Source: thepeerage.com/p59605.htm#i596047 etc (accessed 8.12.15)]
[PB: Where was HAT in 1841? This cannot be him in Royal Crescent, Bath, since too old, although they share a name. Presumably some relation.]
1841 Census
Royal Crescent, Lansdown, Walcot, Somerset
Charlotte Carrington, 55, Independent.
Charlotte Trevelyan, 30, Independent.
Harriett Trevelyan, 30, Independent.
Harrington Trevelyan, 25, Army.
James Gisborne, 40, Clergyman.
and 8 others
Age on first entrance into the Army: 16 years 7 months.
Cornet in the 11th Hussars: 17th of October 1851.
Lieutenant, 11th Hussars: 15th of February 1853.
[PB: Roy Dutton says HAT embarked for the east on the PT "Trent" in May 1854. Sick on board ship early 1854 and posted on sick leave to England. [I think this must be a typo for 1855.] RD continues "Major Edmund Peel was sick on the day of the Charge so the right hand squadron was under the command of the 19-year-old Lieutenant 'Harington Astley' who was shot in the left calf" (p.196).]
[PB: Tony Margrave has mined The Times in an attempt to determine in detail troop movements of the period. This has proved difficult as numbers of officers, men and horses were recorded, but rarely names. I add some of his conclusions here. It appears that he originally thought Trevelyan was travelling on the Paramatta, but later concluded he seems to have been on "The War Cloud". PB: HAT mentions War Cloud in correspondence.]
"May 11 to June 21, 1856. Named in the muster roll to these dates were Capt Dallas & Lt Trevelyan. They were probably aboard the Paramatta said to have carried 3 officers, 38 men and 37 Horses, with sailing dates Dublin, May 13 & Constantinople, June 22, 1854."
[Source: Tony Margrave, Newsletter, [11?], January 2010]
"The following letters, dated June 3 and 4, are from our correspondent at Malta... The arrivals that are to be added to the list, of which I have endeavoured to keep you correctly informed, are the following... [June 2, 1854] The War Cloud transport, No. 56, from Dublin, 12th of May, Captain Dallas and Lieutenant Trevelyan, 11th Hussars, and Assistant-Surgeon Dumbrech, 1st Royals, 54 troopers, 11th Hussars, and 56 horses."
[Source: The Times, Saturday, June 17, 1854, p.12, issue 21770, column D, quoted in Tony Margrave, Newsletter, 36, May 2012.]
[PB: George Loy Smith lists HAT as part of 'D' Troop on the journey east.]
"The following officers and non – commissioned officers embarked for active service in 1854...
'D' Troop
Captain Dallas [ADD LINK]
Lieutenant Trevelyan
Cornet Vansittart [ADD LINK]
Troop Sergeant-major Parker [ADD LINK]
(died in Bulgaria 23rd August 1854)"[Source: ?, part 4, p.?.]
[PB:
William Pennington [ADD LINK]
, in Mrs Tom Kelly, From the Fleet (1902), mentions HAT approvingly in his description of the journey East. Incidentally, he also states Trevelyan was on the Parramatta.]"I recall with feelings of warm appreciation the kindness of Captain Inglis, Lieutenant Trevelyan (now Colonel retired), and Sir Roger Palmer (retired Lt-General) in charge of the detachment of men and horses, sailing in the barque Paramatta from Kingstown, Ireland, in the spring of 1854 for Varna.
I should hardly think that regimental records could furnish a stronger instance of good feeling than that which existed between these gallant young officers, and the rank and file under their command.
I do not remember any instance of punishment; indeed, I fail to remember an ungracious word. They were officers who greatly disliked to bring trouble upon anyone; and I place this to their account with feelings of the deepest personal regard" (pp.117-118).
[PB: William Pennington, in Left of 600 (1887), recalls HAT's generosity after both were injured in the Charge.]
"I had the bad luck to get separated from 'the Boys,' and was pursued by the enemy's Lancers until I got in sight of our Heavy Brigade, parrying and returning the thrusts that were given. But the grey mare of the Eighth was equal to my need, and her speed enabled me to distance my pursuers.
I rode into our lines; but the blood I had lost laid left me so weak, that I was lifted from the saddle, and laid upon the ground.
Beside me reclined as gallant an officer as ever drew a sword, Lieut. Trevelyan of my own regiment, subsequently Colonel of the Seventh Hussars. He was similarly wounded, a ball having passed through his left leg. He behaved like the Good Samaritan, and gentleman that he is, and urged me to partake of the contents of his haversack and flask" (p.16).
[PB: George Loy Smith [ADD LINK] records HAT's injury in the Charge, but only in passing.]
"During the advance, Lieutenant Trevelyan and Cornet Houghton [ADD LINK] had fallen out being wounded, the latter mortally." (p.132).
[PB: George Shuldham Peard, 20th Regiment, briefly mentions HAT having been wounded in the Charge, p.161.]
Captain, 11th Hussars: 8th of December 1854.
Wounded in the calf of the left leg at Balaclava and returned to England "on sick leave" on the 1st of January 1855.
16th September 1854 (Black Sea off Eupatoria, Crimea).
30th October 1854 (Constantinople).
6th November 1854 (Hospital, Scutari).
4th December 1854 (Hospital, Scutari).
[PB: Letters transcribed below.]
As a result of his wound at Balaclava, HT was awarded a little over £41. A letter was sent to the Regimental agents Cox and King's, from the War Office, 24th April 1855:
Sirs, The Paymaster of the 11th Hussars has been advised to pay to Captain Trevelyan £41/1/3d, being the sum allowed him as a gratuity for the wound he received at Balaclava on the 25th October 1854, when serving as a Lieutenant.
Horse Guards,
9th February 1856.
Sir, I have the honour by direction of the Field Marshal Commanding-in-Chief to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of yesterday's date and its enclosure and to acquaint you that his Lordship has no objection to Captain Vansittart [ADD LINK] of the 11th Hussars exchanging to the Depot with Captain Trevelyan, with the understanding that the latter officer proceeds to the Crimea by the 29th inst, and it being distinctly understood that the former will be No. 1 on the roster for foreign service.
I have, &c. &c.,
G. A. Weatherall, AG.
[To:] Colonel Douglas, 11th Hussars.
Returned to the Crimea: March – July 1856.
Campaign Service
Major Trevelyan served the Eastern campaign of 1854, including the affair of Bulganak, battles of the Alma and Balaclava (wounded), and Siege of Sebastopol (Medal with three Clasps, 5th Class of the Medjidie, and the Turkish medal.)
[Source: Hart's Army List, 1888, p.566]
On the 20th of February 1858 [SOURCE? CHECK!], he married Henrietta Louisa Harison, daughter of [John?] Ambrose Harison, Esq., of Brighton. The couple had two daughters: Louisa Hamilton (born ?, where?) and Alice Mary (born Red Sea, Egypt, c.1870).
[PB: Alice Mary born during return to England from India, after HAT left [retired from? transferred to?] his regiment.]
Marriage registered
Harington Astley Trevelyan and Henrietta Louisa Harison, Steyning, Sussex, April Quarter 1859. [PB]
Their first child, Louisa Trevelyan, was born in 1859 [CHECK], in Middlesex, to Henrietta Louisa Harison, age 19, and Harrington Astley Trevelyan, age 25. [More info?]
Baptism
Louisa Trevelyan Harison Trevelyan [daughter], 19th August 1859, Holy Trinity, Guildford.
[PB: If they did indeed marry in 1858 (and not 1859), why are neither marriage nor child recorded in WO25/278? It looks likely that the bride was pregnant at the time of the marriage. Might this have influenced his move from the 11th to the 7th Hussars?]
Major, 11th Hussars: 8th of March 1859.
Exchanged to the 7th Hussars, as a Major: 16th of August 1859.
Served in India with the 7th Hussars: 1862-63 and 1863-7 [PB: more info?].
Second Lieutenant-Colonel, 7th Hussars: 19th of April 1864.
Brevet-Colonel, 7th Hussars: 19th of April 1869.
[PB]
1871 Census
7, Ormonde Terrace, St Marylebone, London.
Harrington A. Trevelyan, Head, Married, 36, Retired Colonel, born Bombay, East Indies.
Louisa Trevelyan, Wife, 30, Southampton, Hampshire.
Louisa Trevelyan, 11, London, Middlesex
Alice M. Trevelyan, 1, Red Sea, Egypt.
Susannah Elliot, 21, Visitor, Ionian Islands.
Clara Aylett, 24, Lady's Maid, Stamford, London [?].
Ellen Dose, 34, Cook, Kerry, Ireland
Eliza White, 25, Parlour Maid, Cornwall.
[PB: He is described as "Retired Colonel", yet EJB's notes say he retired 7th July 1880. If so, what was he doing 1870-1880? Check.
His second daughter, Alice Maud Trevelyan, was born about 1870 in the Red Sea, Egypt. Why were the Trevelyans there at this time? Presumably on their way home from India, when he left the regiment.]
Retired, and to the Reserve of Officers: 7th of July 1880.
Entitled to the Crimean medal with clasps for the Alma, Balaclava and Sebastopol, the Turkish medal and the Order of the Medjidie, 5th Class.
Horse Guards,
16th May 1855.
Sir, – Referring to my letter of the 10th inst, I have the General Commanding -in-Chief's command to desire that all officers entitled to receive the Crimean medal and now with their Depots to be ordered to attend in London for the purpose of being present on the parade on Friday the 18th of May 1855 at 10 o'clock precisely, Be pleased to acknowledge its receipt.
I am, etc. etc.,
G.A. Weatherall. AAG.
Officer Commanding the Cavalry Depots.
He was presented with his Crimean medal by Queen Victoria at a ceremony on the Horse Guards Parade on the 18th of May 1855.
His name appears in the Nominal Return of those present now in the PRO, also on a similar roll which appeared in the United Services Magazine for June of 1855, and on that which appeared in the Illustrated London News of the 26th of May 1855.
[PB: He is mentioned several times, but not quoted, in articles about the "The Balaklava Anniversary" Festival at the Alexandra Palace, held 25 October, 1875 (See Douglas Austin's transcription, in database.]
[PB: An article in the Brechin Advertiser in October 1876 reported that Trevelyan was chair of group organising the 1876 Banquet. He argued that veterans of Light and Heavy Brigades should combine for joint dinners (as the officers did), but this did not gain universal assent ("Cheers and cries of 'No'). A "joint committee was appointed in order to bring about harmonious arrangement between the members of the two brigades". It would be good to know how far this committee got - presumably nowhere?]
The Balaklava Anniversary Banquet.
Colonel Trevelyan, who charged with a troop of the 11th Hussars which he commanded at Balaklava, took the chair on Saturday night at meeting of the committee charged with the arrangements for the banquet on the 25th inst.
The chairman told the men distinctly that the officers with whom he had been in communication would give their support to the banquet on three conditions - first, that the men dined privately themselves; secondly, that they did not appeal for public subscriptions; and, thirdly, that all those engaged on the 25th of October, 1854 - light cavalry, heavy cavalry, and artillery should sit the same board.
Well, he did not think that anybody there could object to see his comrades the heavy brigade sit down with him at the same social board. (Cheers and "No.") The heavy brigade fought as well as the light brigade, and loyally served their country. He could not see what objection there could for the light and the heavy men sit down together, especially as the officers of the heavy brigade had dined with the officers of the light brigade. Why should not the men also dine together? (Cheers and cries of "No.")
After considerable discussion, the chairman moved that both the light and heavy brigades should dine together, and eventually joint committee was appointed in order to bring about harmonious arrangement between the members of the two brigades.
Brechin Advertiser - Tuesday 24 October 1876
He married, on the 20th of February 1858, Henrietta Louisa, daughter of [John?] Ambrose Harison, Esq., of Brighton. There were two daughters of the marriage, Louisa Hamilton and Alice Mary. The former married Wellington Dale in 1880.
Marriage registered
Harrington Astley Trevelyan and Henrietta Louisa Harison, Steyning, Sussex, April Quarter 1859. [PB]
Marriage
Louisa Harison Trevelyan, 20, of 80 Finchley Road, married Wellington Dale, 28, Solicitor, living in Halston, at the Parish Church, St Mark, St Marylebone, on 31st July 1880. His father is shown as John Dale, Solicitor, and hers as Harington Astley Trevelyan, Colonel. [PB]
[PB: The marriage fell apart rather dramatically, and Henrietta Louisa Trevelyan found herself in court (and in the newspapers) a number of times 1883-1885. Being the "Colonel's Lady" did not protect her: after a number of short terms of imprisonment, she appears to have spent the rest of her life in the Marylebone workhouse.]
[PB: In one of her court appearances, on 21 November 1885, Henrietta Trevelyan told the court her husband was currently in Constantinople. I wonder why he was there?]
1882: 80 Finchley Road, NW, Harrington Astley Trevelyan was listed as the "occupier of house".
1891: Embarked for New York from Liverpool.
Trevelyan was for some years the manager of the Barton Vineyard Company, Fresno, California, which he managed on behalf of an English syndicate.
[PB: When did he go out to California? One newspaper says 1890. Does it coincide with court cases involving his wife?]
Died on the 29th of September 1900 at Fresno, California, USA, and buried in Mountain View Cemetery.
IHS
Col.
Harrington Astley
Trevelyan.
7th Hussars Queens Own.
Son of General Willoughby
Trevelyan
Glenfarg, Perthshire.
Born Mar. 16, 1835.
Died at Fresno Sept. 29, 1900
[PB, Dec. 2015: There are a number of images of his grave on the findagrave website: http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=23930553 (accessed 8.12.15). I notice the stone says "7th Hussars". I believe he went to India with the 7th. Check.]
From the Fresno Morning Reporter, 30th of September and 2nd of October 1900:
Death. – Trevelyan. At the Burnett Sanitorium; September 29th 1900. Colonel H.A. Trevelyan, a native of England, aged 66 years.
The Trevelyan Funeral – Citizens and Soldiers Honour the Crimean Veteran. – The Procession on Sunday nearly three-quarters of a mile long. – the remains of the late Colonel Harrington Astley Trevelyan were interred in the Masonic Plot in the Mountain View Cemetery on Sunday afternoon.
The body had previously been taken to his former residence on the Barton Estate, from where the funeral service had been held, many country residents assembling there to do honour to the old soldier.
Several beautiful wreaths were laid upon the coffin.
The funeral procession arrived at the Belmont school-house about 3.30 o'clock, where Companies "C" and "F" and the Raisin City Band were stationed in readiness to act as escort. The military companies, in obedience to orders, assembled at the Armoury Hall at 1.30 and marched from there in three companies as a battalion to the school-house, accompanied by the band.
Upon the arrival of the funeral cortege they fell into line, preceding the hearse and following the Raisin City Band, which played a dirge until the Koeger's School was reached, when it marched in quick time until the cemetery was reached.
The battalion was met by Major George W. Jones, on horseback. Following the companies came the buggies carrying the pall-bearers. With the line of buggies the procession was about three-quarters of a mile.
The Cemetery was reached about 4.30, and the band recommenced playing a dirge. The battalion then halted, and as the hearse went by, presented arms, and during the remainder of the service, it stood at parade rest.
The Revd. Harvey S. Hanson then read the Episcopal burial service, after which a military squad fired three rounds over the grave and Bugler Barton, of Company "C", sounded "Taps." The battalion and band then moved out of the grounds and upon approaching the cemetery gates the band struck up a quick movement back into the town...
That Colonel Trevelyan was held in high esteem was evidenced by the honour accorded to him at his funeral. As a citizen he was universally liked, and as a soldier he was a favourite amongst the Canadian military officers.
In issuing orders to Companies "C" and "F" to act as the escort to the funeral, General Muner thought that thereby he could show the deep appreciation in which his many kindnesses were held.
The Colonel was not an American citizen, but Fresno was his home, and next to his native land, America was high in his esteem."
[PB: December, 2015.]
SURVIVOR OF BALAKLAVA PASSES AWAY AT FRESNO
Colonel Harrington A. Trevelyan
Succumbs to an Affection of the Heart.
Special Dispatch to The Call.
[LINE PORTRAITS]
THE LATE COLONEL HARRINGTON ASTLET TREVELYAN.
THE SMALL DRAWING IN THE UPPER LEFT HAND CORNER WAS MADE FROM A PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN WHEN HE WAS CAPTAIN.
FRESNO, Sept. 29. – Colonel Harrington Astley Trevelyan, manager of the Barton vineyard estate, died at the Burnett Sanitarium this morning of heart trouble, aggravated by an attack of pneumonia. Colonel Trevelyan was a survivor of the famous Light Brigade and participated in the memorable charge at Balaclava during the Crimean war. He served as cornet in the Eleventh Hussars, one of the "four regiments that composed the brigade, under Lord Cardigan. He was the descendant of a well-to-do English family. Colonel Trevelyan's illness was contracted in San Francisco during the recent celebration. He recovered from the attack of pneumonia, but the disease left him in a weakened condition and he succumbed to the heart trouble, from which he had suffered for years.
Colonel Trevelyan was 19 years old when he took part in the famous battle of Balaklava. He was then a lieutenant in the Eleventh Hussars. When Lord Raglan, commander-in-chief of the British army, gave the order to the Six Hundred to charge and endeavor to retake the guns that had been captured by the Russians, there were 20,000 of the enemy posted at the end of the narrow valley, with mountains back of them and batteries of guns in their front. But the Six Hundred, since immortalized by Tennyson's thrilling lyric, boldly rode "Into the Jaws of death, into the mouth of hell," the Lancers shaking their weapons in the air. the young Earl of Cadogan [sic] at the front as cool and intrepid as if going to a hunt with the hounds.
Colonel Trevelyan, whenever he spoke of the "charge of the Six Hundred," modestly referred very little to himself. In his opinion had the Seventeenth Lancers and the Eleventh Hussars been ordered to advance when a disorganized force of Russian cavalry crossed the plain to reach the shelter of their forts, the Russians would have been routed and the disaster that befell the British arms would have been averted.
"At the opportune moment," so related Colonel Trevelyan a few years ago, "the officer in command of the Seventeenth Lancers, said the young Earl of Cadogan, 'There, my Lord, is an opportunity never likely to return.'
When Captain Nolan came from Lord Raglan with the order to charge there were no Russians in sight. But off we went around the end of the valley and charged half a league straight through the batteries of guns in front, with guns on both flanks and riflemen lining the hills. Captain Nolan, who brought the order to charge, had not gone far when he gave a fearful yell and dropped dead. The grapeshot was tearing holes in us. One of our seniors was literally blown up, and we found no trace of him afterward."
This is the substance of Colonel Trevelyan's version. When the survivors rode back Colonel Trevelyan was congratulating himself upon not being dead, when a bullet struck his headdress. That night he went to the hospital with a bullet wound in the calf of his left leg, a sword cut on his right wrist and several minor cuts and wounds to attest to the fierceness of the fray.
After the Crimean war Colonel Trevelyan returned to England and was feted as a hero. His promotion was rapid He served In India, and at the age of 33 he was a colonel In her Majesty's service. In 1890 he came to the United States. While touring in California he saw and liked the country near Fresno, and he has since remained there as manager of the Barton vineyard.
Colonel Trevelyan's father was an English clergyman [actually, this was his grandfather] and the son of a baronet. Sir George Otto Trevelyan was a cousin. Sir Walter Trevelyan, the present baronet, is a nephew of Colonel Trevelyan. Colonel Trevelyan was well known in San Francisco. where he spent considerable of his time. He was a popular member of the Press Club of this city.
[Source: http://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SFC19000930.2.34 (accessed 6.12.2015) [PB]]
English Hero Dies at Fresno
FRESNO, Sept. 29.- H.A. Trevelyan died this morning from pneumonia.
Colonel Trevelyan has been resident manager of the Barton estate vineyard company, an English corporation, for the past ten years. He was a survivor of the Balaklava charge, being at one time attached as cornet to the Eleventh Hussars. He leaves two daughters in England. He was 67 years of age.
[Source: Oakland Daily Evening Tribune, 29 September 1900, Page 1, (accessed 8.12.15) [PB]]
Copy of a letter received by the Regiment in 1913:
"Colonel L. Edwin Dudley, Fresno Chamber of Commerce.
300/14th Avenue East, Fresno, California
Vancouver, B.C. 21st of March 1913.
Dear Sir,
Replying to your favour I would state that I knew Colonel Trevelyan exceedingly well. He was for years the manager here of the famous "Barton Vineyard Company" and died on the 29th of September 1910 [PB: Presumably a typo – 1900]. He died of pneumonia, and was buried in Mountain View Cemetery, under the auspices of the Masons and the National Guard, who gave him a military funeral. His funeral procession was three miles long and was the longest (with one exception) that was ever held in this County; a fact which speaks volumes for the respect in which he was held.
The 30th of May of each year is held at "Decoration Day" on which date the graves of all soldiers are decorated and a volley fired over the graves, and in connection with all the graves so honoured, the grave of Colonel Trevelyan is treated in like manner.
Yours, very truly,
(Signed) W. Robertson. Secretary."
[PB: A portrait, said to be of "Willoughby Trevelyan, Veteran of the Charge of the Light Brigade", was offered for sale in 2004 by Lawrences of Somerset. Presumably it depicts Harrington himself, since Willoughby was his father's name. He is shown wearing appropriate medals.]
ROBERT HAWKER DOWLING (1827-1886) PORTRAIT OF WILLOUGHBY TREVELYAN, VETERAN OF THE CHARGE OF THE LIGHT BRIGADE Standing, three-quarter length, wearing Hussars uniform, signed, oil on canvas 90.5 x 70cm. Provenance: By descent in the family of the sitter. £300-500.
[Source: http://www.lawrences.co.uk/Catalogues/fa090704/page5.htm (accessed 8.12.2015). ]
[PB: A case of mididentification, I think. Willoughby Trevelyan was HAT's father. There are a number of sources online about the artist Robert Hawker Dowling, who was born in England but grew up in Australia.]
Lieutenant Harrington Astley Trevelyan, 11th Hussars, was with his regiment in the "Charge of the Light Brigade" in which he was shot in the left leg. Of the "600" men engaged, few of the officers and men present in the Crimea that day can be shown conclusively to have participated but Trevelyan is one of them.
He was commissioned into the regiment on October 17, 1851. He passed to the 8th Hussars in March 1859 and to the 7th Hussars in August of that year. He retired on July 7, 1880 having been breveted a Colonel as early as April 1869.
By 1884 he was separated from his wife under a deed of separation by which she was supposed to have been paid £300 p.a. For reasons not known, his wife was admitted to the poor house on March 25, 1884 and in April he was summoned to appear before the Marylebone Magistrates Court to show cause why he should not meet the costs of the local workhouse for the support of his wife. He was out of the country at the time but was ordered to reimburse the costs at the rate of seven shillings a week, back dated.
The case was reported in the Cheshire Observer (Chester, England), Saturday, April 26, 1884. p.6, Issue 1655; The Dundee Courier & Argus (Dundee, Scotland), Thursday, April 24, 1884, Issue 9603; and Western Mail (Cardiff, Wales), Tuesday, April 22, 1884, Issue 4662.
A month later she appeared in the Westminster Police Court (May 28, 1884) for causing a disturbance outside the home of Lord Marcus Beresford. She said she had been in the work house for 6 weeks, denied money under a deed of separation, of which Beresford was a trustee.
The case was reported in The Huddersfield Chronicle and West Yorkshire Advertiser (West Yorkshire, England), Wednesday, May 31, 1884, p. 3, Issue 5250; Manchester Times (Manchester, England), Saturday, May 31, 1884, Issue 1377; Cheshire Observer (Chester, England), Wednesday, May 31, 1884, p. 5, Issue 1660; The Huddersfield Daily Chronicle (West Yorkshire, England), Wednesday, May 29, 1884, p.3, 3; Issue 5248; and The North-Eastern Daily Gazette (Middlesbrough, England), Wednesday, May 29, 1884, Issue 5278.
Trevelyan became the manager, Barton Vineyard Co, Fresno, California, having been sent out to California in 1887 by the Barton Estate Co Ltd of London which had just bought the Fresno company for $1 million.
A very brief obituary appeared in The Royal Cornwall Gazette, etc., Nov 1, 1900, which records that he was decorated with the Turkish Order of the Medjidie (5th Class) as well as with the Crimean Medal (bars Alma, Balaclava & Sevastopol), as well as with the Turkish Crimean Medal.
[Source: Tony Margrave, Newsletter, 33, February 2012. It would be good to check these newspapers. Although most may simply be recycling news, some may contain fresh information.]
1874: What could this be about?
Reference: C 16/920/C80
Description:
Cause number: 1874 C80.
Short title: Curteis v Adams.
Documents: Bill, interrogatories and two answers.
Plaintiffs: Kate Cassia Curteis spinster.
Defendants: Edward Adam Adams, Henry Edward Astley, Harrington Astley Trevelyan and William Hale.
SFP.
Date: 1874
Held by: The National Archives, Kew
[Source: nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C7915584.]
Auction: 14035 - Postal History, Autographs and Historical Documents
Lot: 3067
Historical Documents
Charge of the Light Brigade
1857 (28 January) A.L.S. without year date, written from Hartrow Manor in Somerset.
"My dear Mr Hankey,
Enclosed is a letter from Colonel Douglas which I received this morning in which he states that unless I 'pay the sums demanded I must immediately return to Canterbury'. To return now would be very inconvenient and entails some expense. I fancy that what is required of me, will turn out correct, though at present I cannot see it quite clear but if you would kindly advance me the requisite sum ... making a total of 95.5.9 d of which I hope to refund the greater part, and as soon as I do, I will give you both a clear account of the whole matter, and also the money received. I intend leaving Hartrow on the 10th of the month when I will go down to Canterbury ... and as soon as I return I will call upon you in Mincing Lane after this I intend paying Sir Walter Trevelyan a visit at Wallington, & Remain about a week or ten days, and then return to Hartrow to the end of my leave".
Filing pin hole, fresh. Photo [??]
Colonel Harrington Astley Trevelyan (1835-1900)
Colonel Trevelyan was the last but one survivor of this famous charge. He was 19 years old when he took part in the famous battle of Balaklava. He was then a lieutenant in the Eleventh Hussars. When Lord Raglan, commander-in-chief of the British army, gave the order to the Six Hundred to charge and endeavour to retake the guns that had been captured by the Russians, there were 20,000 of the enemy posted at the end of the narrow valley, with mountains back of them and batteries of guns in their front. But the Six Hundred, since immortalized by Tennyson's thrilling lyric, boldly rode "Into the Jaws of death, into the mouth of hell," the Lancers shaking their weapons in the air, the young Earl of Cadogan at the front as cool and Intrepid as if going to a hunt with the hounds.
Colonel Trevelyan, whenever he spoke of the "charge of the Six Hundred," modestly referred very little to himself. In his opinion had the Seventeenth Lancers and the Eleventh Hussars been ordered to advance when a disorganized force of Russian cavalry crossed the plain to reach the shelter of their forts, the Russians would have been routed and the disaster that befell the British arms would have been averted.
"At the opportune moment," so related Colonel Trevelyan a few years before his death, "the officer in command of the Seventeenth Lancers, said to ihe young Earl of Cadogan, 'There, my Lord, Is an opportunity never likely to return.'
When Captain Nolan came from Lord Raglan with the order to charge there were no Russians in sight. But off we went around the end of the valley and charged half a league straight through the batteries of guns in front, with guns on both flanks and riflemen lining the hills. Captain Nolan, who brought the order to charge, had not gone far when he gave a fearful yell and dropped dead. The grapeshot was tearing holes in us. One of our seniors was literally blown up, and we found no trace of him afterward."
This is the substance of Colonel Trevelyan's version. When the survivors rode back Colonel Trevelyan was congratulating himself upon not being dead, when a bullet struck his headdress. That night he went to the hospital with a bullet wound in the calf of his left leg, a sword cut on his right wrist and several minor cuts and wounds to attest to the fierceness of the fray.
Estimate £250 to £300
[Source: spink.com/lot-description.aspx?id=14035003067 (accessed 21 August 2017).]
[PB: Quenington, Gloucs, a village in the Cotswolds. St Swithin's. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quenington.
There is a family tree with the letters, presumably created by the transcriber (Dr ?). HAT's mother, Ann Mary (b.1809, m.1829, d.1855) was the third daughter of John Wolvey Astley (1771-1822), Rector of Quenington, and Christian D'Oyly (1778-1851). There were children in all. She married Lieut-General Willoughby Trevelyan and died in Bombay (HAT mentions writing to her from Scutari). The recipient of HAT's letters was Ann Eliza (b.1810, m.1830, d.?), his mother's younger sister, married Rev.Lawrence Latham, who succeeded as Rector: "she had no children and I imagine Harrington her sister's only child was very dear to her".]
[Page 2 of pdf]
Black Sea
off Eupatoria
Crimea
September 16th 1854
Dear Aunt,
Last night received your kind letter and one from Aunt Margaret, and l hasten to answer it, as l have only a short time for doing so.
I will now begin with my travels, after leaving Malta we sailed for Constantinople and arrived there on the 17th of June, where we stayed two days which enabled me to see something of the city.
Constantinople looks magnificent from the sea. Palaces and rows of grand houses towering above each other something after the manner of The Crescent at Bath only grander, with palm trees intersected, but ashore the place is most filthy, extremely bad streets if they may be so called, but they are more like gutters, with shops on each side, and a dirty Turk in all his glory smoking a Chibouk and not caring a penny for Her Majesty's uniform.
I managed to see something. Constantinople is divided into three parts. The Musselman inhabit one side in their Mosques, the Greeks, Armenians, French and English the other side divided into (Pera and Galata)? but every part is as dirty as can be.
After leaving Constantinople we were towed in the Bosphorus and for 18 miles the most lovely country to look at in this world. The Palaces of the Pashas who are innumerable, like houses up the Thames, but more beautiful and Eastern-like.
After 3 days we arrived at Varna and commenced disembarkation on the 26th June and had my first night under canvas. We soon left our encampment and marched 3 miles from Varna to a very bad encampment.
[3]
Varna like all Turkish towns is extremely dirty and bad streets like Constantinople. Part of it has been burnt down since the English have settled there and a good deal of stores lost and burnt.
We left Varna and marched about 20 miles up the country and after staying there a month, we moved our ground on account of the cholera, which is very dreadful no less than 8 or 10 in the Light Division of the Infantry dying in the first days.
The Cavalry moved 20 miles up the country to Yeni Bazarr about 15 miles from Schumla which place is very much like Varna but larger and lots of English Manufactures to be had there.
Camp life is all very well but in the heat generally about 120 degrees in your tent it is no joke. One cannot sleep in the middle of the day it being too hot. It is dangerous to go out of your tent during the heat of the sun, everything annoys one and everybody is grumbling at doing nothing.
The cholera is making ravages, and no movement talked of at present. We lost 7 men from cholera, and we were the fewest in numbers. Other Regiments the 5th Dragoons of Guards lost 5 officers and 29 men out of 295 while at Yeni Bazarr.
While at Yeni Bazarr I received a letter from Varna acquainting that Uncle Walter (Trevelyan) was very ill with cholera, that was on the 20th. I immediately obtained leave and on the morning of the 24th I started for Varna about 48 miles to the Guards Encampment.
At 6 p.m. I arrived and poor dear Uncle was no more. He had departed this life on the Monday you were writing the letter to me, he was dead instead of unwell. It was an awful shock to me.
The Guards were terribly kind to me, everyone liked poor Uncle Walter and none more than myself, he was always so kind and thoughtful of everything that concerned me. I had the disagreeable job of taking an Inventory of his things which were to have been sold, but the immediate embarkation of the Guards prevented the sale, and his effects are sent to Constantinople, there to await the winter.
[4]
In him I have lost a great friend, and never never shall I forget his kindness. He was attacked with cholera and died within 24 hours after showing no symptoms of pain. I must say no more on this subject as I must keep up what spirits I have for disembarking for the Crimea, which in a few hours I shall have to do.
We left Varna and embarked on the steamer Trent For Sebastopal, only the 6th. With about 800 sail of all description one of the grandest sights that was ever witnessed.
The huge armament started for the Crimea on the 14th in a few hours about 20,000 English about the same number of French and 1000 Turks were landed.
The Cavalry disembarked today. I as well but my spirits are low. A friend of mine was attacked by cholera and died in 10 hours [PB: Cresswell?]. I could not stay for his burial as we had to march immediately
There are 12,000 Russians on the way to intercept our march. We shall in a few days have a battle the sooner over the better.
God bless you all,
Your affectionate nephew,
Harrington
[5]
Constantinople, October 30th 1854
My dearest Aunt,
I write this to let you know I am safe, and I hope it will reach you before the papers.
We had a terrible action at Balaclava on the 25th. We rose as usual before day-break, when just as we were expecting to get an order to turn in the Turkish Battlement which defends Balaclava began a fierce fire.
We were soon in our saddles and ready for work, shot and shell flying about in all directions.
The Turks after about an hours fighting retreated and took to their heels as fast as they could. The Turks I shall never again call good soldiers. They have the credit of fighting well behind fortifications, but the specimen I witnessed with my own eyes give proof to the contrary, and the British Cavalry may thank them for what followed.
The Russians became masters of the Fort, and turned our own guns on us. We the Cavalry retreated out of shot. We remained about an hour doing nothing on either side, all of a sudden the Cossacks first, then three large columns of Russian Cavalry came down the Plain at full speed.
The Scots Greys charged and well they did it too, and afterwards the rest of the Heavy Cavalry had a shy at them. They (the Russians) retreated as fast as they came, the Cossacks tried to charge the 93rd Highlanders but failed.
The Light Cavalry had hardly any share as yet, but someone gave us an order and down we went into the enemy's very camp through fearful cross fire, and after we had gone about a mile, and driven we thought everything before us, we then retired (the 11th, 17th, 13th, 8th & 4th Light Dragoons comprised the Light Brigade.
The 11th seemed to be about 30-60 men and the rest of the Cavalry hardly to be seen anywhere, so we went towards home as fast as we could, but the worst part had to be gone through.
We were mistaken in thinking we had driven everything in front of us, for no less than 20 or 30 big 32lb guns opened fire at us.
[6]
The Russian Infantry kept blazing at us less than 50 yards. We were in a fix and had nothing to do but fight our way through a Regiment of Cossacks.
I got shot in the calf of the left leg, and am now on board ship in my cot writing this letter which I know you will read with pleasure.
It was fearful men and horses being hit on both sides of me and I thank God for my escape. I am well and luckily out of it as of the 800 Cavalry of the Light Brigade only 150 appeared.
I don't know how I escaped so well. We only had 5 officers on duty with the Regiment, myself and another wounded, two had their horses killed, and the Colonel escaped free. He had led us on gallantly and gallantly we followed. Several deaths, but there is no knowing who they are at present. There will be a fearful list of killed, wounded and missing.
I am not much hurt, the ball (a Russian Minies) entered the thick part of the calf, went right through without cutting an artery or touching the bone.
On Thursday the 26th we sailed for Constantinople and arrived today. Last night we had a heavy gale but are all safe and progressing well and I hope to be on my legs again and I shall try to get to England and relate more fully.
We retook the Batteries all except one. The Russians were about 30,000 to 40,000 strong and we 5,000 fearful odds, I cannot call it a victory or a defeat. We shall see what the papers say about it. I had command of a Squadron.
Your affectionate nephew,
Harrington
[7]
Hospital Scutari
Nov. 6th 1854
My dearest Aunt,
I am glad to say I am doing as well as can be expected. I got into hospital wo days ago and am attended to well, and can get port wine, tea, sugar, meat, bread and several other articles which the sick require. I am comfortable in a half English half Turkish bed. All the wounded are sent home and there is no doubt I shall come home either the latter end'of this year or the beginning of the next, God willing that will be, and then I can talk over all the scenes and hardships that the army and regiment have gone through.
I must not get out of bed yet, and shall be confined to bed for 3 weeks before I shall be able to walk.
I never thought I should survive the day, the shot and shell were flying as thick as hail. Providence guided me through and brought me out with my life. I shall never forget the day and never wish for another like it. Do write to my relations and tell them I am comfortable and not very badly wounded.
The papers will give it tersely but I hope my first letter will reach you before the papers, so you will get my account of it safely first, as I know your anxiety will be great if you see my name among the wounded and no letter from me. Sebastapol is not fallen yet and will not for at least a fortnight. How anxious the people of England will be, and how angry when they hear of the Flower of their Cavalry cut to pieces, on account of some wrong order. The bearer of the order (Capt. Nolan, 5th Hussars) is since dead, and as dead men tell no tales, on him no doubt the whole affair will be thrown.
Lord Cardigan led the Cavalry gallantly and was shot away by the smoke and wind of one of the Russian guns and escaped unhurt.
I hear that several ladies have arrived from England to nurse the sick and wounded. It is very kind of them to come and risk their lives out here, I have not seen any yet but no doubt some day I shall get a visit from them.
[8]
I shall soon be in England again: Hurrah: and then for some quiet time. I don't fancy another campaign, and I shall certainly avoid it, as being an only son to risk one's life in a cannon's mouth is something beyond a joke, and I think anybody will think I have had quite enough and returned home with a shot through my leg.
Ever your affectionate nephew,
Harrington
[9]
Four letters from Lt. Harrington Astley Ttevelyan, 11th Hussars, to his Aunt Eliza, wife of the Rev. Lawrence Latham, Rector of Quenington.
Hospital Scutari
Dec 4th 1854
My dear Aunt,
It was with much pleasure that I read your kind letter which I received yesterday, and I hasten to answer it, the post leaves tomorrow.
My wound is healing up fast, the ball went through the centre of the left calf, and then into my saddle. I have not had much pain and can now get about on crutches.
You must have read all the news from the seat of the War in the papers which are very accurate, so there is no egg my telling you of the fights, I can assure you on the 25th the balls an' shells were not pleasant, and considering I went 1 1/2 miles through the thickest fire and back again, besides cutting my way through a ? of Cossacks, I had my revolver and they could not break out, ngt knowing how many more shots I had to fire. After firing two bullets they let me pass but it was fearful work and the most providential escape I have had, but it will be a long time before I forget it.
I am expecting to have a board every day probably today which will enable me to return to England for a few months.
I wrote to Aunt Margaret last month, I suppose she will have sent my letter on to you to read. I received a letter from her last mail. I wrote from the "War Cloud" and sent them by Alexandria. The post here is very regular it leaves every five days, and I send them by Alexandria, I suppose they go to Malta and then to India via Alexandria.
I have been here in hospital ever since I left the Crimea, and very dull work it is. The hospital was formerly the Turkish Barracks and is a hollow square, about 1/2 mile each side. The centre is the drill ground and the barracks.
There are about 3000 patients here and there is a General Hospital about 1 1/2 miles distant which contains about 2,000 patients, mostly wounded.
The cold is extreme, the poor horses are dying by dozens. My horse was not hit except by a shell which just grazed his nose and made it bleed but I am afraid the cold and exposure to all weathers will kill or ruin them all.
[10]
When I return I intend to make a stay in Bath, and you must come and see me there if you can manage it. I will give you notice of my arrival in London although I shall keep it a secret surprise from some of my most beloved relations.
When I first arrived here, I was very dull, no books or anything to read, but the good people of England have sent out a library and we have plenty, and plenty of newspapers each sending out 20 copies to the sick and wounded, so the men are able to obtain the latest intelligence.
We lost 70 horses in the last affair and can muster only about 54 men. The Brigade of 5 Regiments amounts to 300 strong, about 50 more than the strength of the Regiment when we left England.
It was a horrible sight to behold, and see the poor horses hopping about on three legs, the other leg terribly mutilated by shell and shot.
The Battle of Alma was a glorious fight, the shells were pretty thick there. In the morning after a severe battle is quite sickening to behold. The Russian soldiers are good and not to be despised and their artillery is I think more powerful than ours. They also carry larger guns in the field than we do, we have only light 12 pounders and they carry 32 lbs, so they have the advantage which they should, but they want the bulldog courage of the English and learn to stand. The Russian Cavalry was very inferior, and we were easily beaten. They attacked our camp and four squadrons of our Heavy Dragoons, sent thousands to right and left in 10 minutes.
I am sorry I shall not be able to spend Christmas in England, I remember how I jolly it was at Quenington, the old woman's dinner and all the children, remember me to all of them, I suppose a good many will have forgotten me.
Poor Uncle Walter's death has been a sad loss to me, he was always so kind and everything that could be done for my welfare was done by him. He was beloved by everyone. I was too late for his death and funeral. Heard on Monday night that he was dangerously ill, I rode next day Tuesday 50 miles, but he died on Monday and was buried that day.
[11]
Mrs. Lowther wrote me very affectionately, she is the Executrix of Uncle's will. His will is very simple, £1000 to Mrs. Lowther, £500 to Aunt Harriet, £500 to Aunt ?, £400 to his servant and his West Indian property to me.
[PB: "his West Indian property"?]
His effects were sold and divided equally among his brothers.
You will be astonished to hear I am Senior Lieutenant and will shortly obtain my Captaincy, won't it look well and how Billy's mouth would water, if he could only exchange places with me.
We have lost 4 officers from cholera since we have been out here, and Cornet? Houghton died of his wounds. His head was bruised by a shell, it was found after his death to have cracked all his skull. He was a very young officer.
I give my love to Uncle Latham, and send this letter to anyone to read.
I might come by Paris, if so I shall take a look in at Dover.
Your affectionate nephew
Harrington
P.S. Tell Miss Julia to have my slippers ready by the beginning of 1855, or I shall have to punish, don't forget.
[Source: Hungerford Virtual Museum: Harrington Astley Trevelyan, letters from Crimea.pdf (accessed 21 August 2017). Copy on this site: trevelyan_h_11H_letters_to_aunt_from_Crimea.pdf.]